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AIR COMPOSITION: NITROGEN

METEOROLOGIST JEFF HABY

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. About 78% of the atmosphere is Nitrogen. Nitrogen is element 7 on the Periodic Table and has an atomic mass of 14.01 g/mol. Nitrogen in the natural state exists as N2 molecules. This gives diatomic Nitrogen an atomic mass of around 28 g/mol. There are several reasons why Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere. First, there is an abundance of Nitrogen available to be emitted into the atmosphere. It is a very common element in the universe and the Earth is no exception. Second, the diatomic bonding of Nitrogen is very strong (a triple bound). This makes it relatively difficult to break Nitrogen apart. It is a very stable diatomic molecule. Third, it is heavy enough so that little is lost from the atmosphere. Unlike, Hydrogen and Helium, Nitrogen is heavy enough that it resists floating off into space easily. Nitrogen gas gives the atmosphere much of its mass and is a very important gas in many ways.